Screening guidelines recommend that individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer begin screening at age 45 and continue regular screenings every 5 to 10 years, depending on the screening method used. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier and undergo more frequent screenings.
Common symptoms of colorectal conditions include changes in bowel habits (such as diarrhea or constipation), rectal bleeding or blood in the stool, abdominal pain or discomfort, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and a feeling of incomplete bowel emptying.
Colonoscopy is typically not painful as patients are usually sedated during the procedure. Some patients may experience mild discomfort or cramping afterward, but this is usually temporary.
Colorectal cancer can often be cured, especially when detected early. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.
A diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and low in red and processed meats, saturated fats, and added sugars, may help reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and promote overall colorectal health. Drinking plenty of water and limiting alcohol consumption are also important.
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